Investigating the Suitability of Using Pumice Powder as a Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete to Inhibit Alkali-Silica Reactions

Abstract

This study investigated pumice powder as a partial cement replacement to combat alkali-silica reactions (ASR) in concrete. Chemical and physical tests assessed pumice's suitability as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM). Tests explored the impact of pumice content on fresh concrete properties (slump test) and hardened concrete properties (compressive strength, water absorption, and ASR resistance using the accelerated mortar bar test). Results showed pumice powder qualifies as an SCM with pozzolanic properties that inhibit ASR. Workability remained acceptable with partial cement replacement. ASR was inhibited with increasing pumice content. Compressive strength stayed within design limits (C25 class). Water absorption decreased with increasing pumice replacement. Future research is recommended to explore higher pumice replacement ratios (>15%) and methods to mitigate potential setting time delays.