Assessing the Viability of a Hybrid Savonius Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Solar Pv System as an Alternative Renewable Energy Source for Rural Communities

Abstract

This study investigates the technical and economic feasibility of a hybrid renewable energy system combining a 200W solar photovoltaic (PV) array and a Savonius vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) to address energy poverty in rural Kyenjojo, Uganda. Against a backdrop of limited electrification (12–18% in rural areas) and reliance on costly, polluting diesel generators and absence of the grid connection in some areas, the research evaluates the complementary potential of solar and wind resources in Uganda’s Western Rift Valley. Through resource assessment, wind tunnel testing of a VAWT prototype, computational modeling (using Python), and cost analysis, the hybrid system demonstrates robust performance in annual energy output, reliability, and a levelized cost of energy cheaper than diesel alternatives. Key findings include the VAWT’s power coefficient at 4 m/s wind speeds, strong diurnal and seasonal complementarity between solar and wind generation, and a 4-year payback period. The system’s modular design, environmental benefits, and alignment with Uganda’s renewable energy policies underscore its viability for decentralized electrification. This research provides actionable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, promoting hybrid systems as a transformative solution to energy poverty in sub-Saharan Africa.